BUILDING STONES


The following are important building stone, their composition, properties and uses:

1. Granite:
It is an igneous rock. It is mainly composed of quartz, felspar and mica. Its specific gravity is 2.64 and compressive strength varies from 70 to 130 MN/m2. Its color depends upon that of felspar which may be brown, grey, green and pink. A fine-grained granite offers high resistance to weathering. It can be easily polished and worked. It is used for exterior facing of buildings.

2. Slate:
It is an argillaceous rock. It is mainly composed of alumina mixed with sand or carbonate of lime. Its specific gravity is 2.8 and compressive strength varies from 60 to 70 MN/m2. It has grey or dark blue color. A good slate is hard, tough and fine grained. It is suitable for use in cistern. The slate in the form of tiles is used as an excellent roof covering material.

3. Gneiss:
It is a siliceous rock. It is mainly composed of quartz and felspar. It is more easily worked than granite. It is a good material for street paving.

4. Sandstone:
It is a sedimentary rock of siliceous variety. It is mainly composed of quartz, lime and silica. Its specific gravity is 2.65 to 2.95 and compressive strength varies from 35 to 40 MN/m2. Its usual colors are white, grey, brown, pink etc. The fine-grained stones are strong and durable. It is suitable for ashlar work, moldings, carving etc.

5. Limestone:
It is a sedimentary rock of calcareous variety. Its specific gravity is 2.6. It is available in brown, yellow and dark grey colors. It is used in large quantities in blast furnaces. It may be used as stone masonry for wall.

6. Marble:
It is a metamorphic rock of calcareous variety. Its specific gravity is 2.7 and is available in many colors. It is very hard and takes a fine polish. It is used for carving and decoration work.

7. Kankar:
It is very impure lime stone containing 30% of alumina and silica. The hard kankar is used for foundations of buildings.

8. Laterite:
It is a sandy clay stone containing high percentage of iron oxides. It has a porous and cellular structure. Its specific gravity, varies from 2 to 2.2. The laterite blocks are suitable as building stones whereas nodular laterite proves a very good road metal.

9. Moorum:
It is a decomposed laterite and has deep brown or red color. It is used in surfacing fancy paths and garden walks.

10. Quartzite:
It is a siliceous sand stone which has been subjected to metamorphic action. It is strong and durable. It is used as a road metal or railway ballast or in concrete.



 http://www.applechemie.com



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

MARKET FORMS OF STEEL

Following are the standard shapes in which the rolled steel sections are available in the market- 1. Angle sections- The Angle section may be equal legs or unequal legs. The equal angle sections are available in sizes varying from 20 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm to 200 mm x 200 mm x 25 mm. The corresponding weight per meter length are respectively 9 N and 736 N. The unequal angle sections are available in sizes varying from 30 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm to 200 mm x 150 mm x 18 mm. The corresponding weight per meter length are respectively 11 N and 469 N. The angle section extensively used in the structural steel work especially in the construction of steel roof trusses and filler joist floors. 2. Channel Section- The channel section consist of a web with two equal flanges. A channel section is designated by the height of web and width of flange. These sections are available in sizes varying from 100 mm x 45 mm to 400 mm x 100 mm. The corresponding weights per metre length are respectively 5
Read more

Materials are used for road construction

Image
Road consist of basically 4 layers: Sub-grade: The sub-grade material should be clean and free from organic matter and should be able to be compacted by roller, to form stable sub-base. The material should have the following characteristics: ·          Well graded, uniformity coefficient (D60/D10) should not be less than 3. ·          Fraction passing sieve #200 shall not be greater than 2/3rd of the fraction passing sieve #40. ·          Should have a L.L not greater than 25%. ·          P.I not greater than 6 ·          CBR should not be less than 25. ·          In coarse grain, aggregate retained by #10 sieve, %age of wear shall not be greater than 5%. ·          The maximum dia of any particle shall not be greater than 2/3rd of the layer thickness of sub-base Typical particle size distribution for the sub-base (granular) which will the meet strength requirements are: 2.Sub-base Course: ·          It is layer of granular mat
Read more

GREEN BUILDING PRODUCTS

Image
GREEN BUILDING PRODUCTS “GO GREEN GO CLEAN” •       We are committed to protect environment & we are a part of the global mission called "GREEN WORLD" and also providing innovative construction chemicals for Green Building. •       We are also the part of IGBC (Indian Green Building Council) •       Green building products: Green building products are composed of renewable resources and are environmentally responsible because impacts are considered over the life of the product. •       Overall material/product selection criteria: §   Resource efficiency §   Indoor air quality §   Energy efficiency §   Water conservation §   Affordability •       Our green building products meets the above maximum selection criteria as enumerated below: §   Environmentally friendly and sustainable construction chemicals are designed. §   Products are non-toxic and organic. §   During the process, air Pollution is minimum, waste reduction, Embodied Ener
Read more